If you are enrolled in the other 50% of the universities, your (candidate) supervisor can’t assign you a thesis directly but you need to find and propose a topic that will be evaluated and, if properly presented, it will become your thesis. Both these approaches (with thesis proposal or without thesis proposal) have merits and problems. I am not going to take a particular side. At the same time, if you have to write a research proposal

via Francesco Lelli at the following url:

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This is a small description of the picture: If you are enrolled in the other 50% of the universities, your (candidate) supervisor can’t assign you a thesis directly but you need to find and propose a topic that will be evaluated and, if properly presented, it will become your thesis. Both these approaches (with thesis proposal or without thesis proposal) have merits and problems. I am not going to take a particular side. At the same time, if you have to write a research proposal